International Humanitarian Law Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

International Humanitarian Law - Case Study Example It is clear that the fighting in Ruritania may not be considered as conflicts of an international character. However, the facts of the case clearly states that the element of the crime as defined above is satisfied. The civilian guards did not take part in any hostilities such that they fall within the ambit of the above-mentioned provision. It is worthy to note the Report of the Preparatory Committee on the establishment of an International Criminal Court on the Draft Statute for the International Criminal Court, addendum 1, UN Doc. /CONF.183/2/Add.1, p. 21. The employment of children to support the front line, or activities at the front line itself, would be included within the said provision. In the instant case, Samba (13 yrs) and Yade (14 yrs) were chosen as personal bodyguards of Guru X because they are the strongest 'junior Panthers. This act clearly violates the above-stated provision. In the case of Prosecutor v. Lubanga, Decision on the confirmation of charges, 29 January 2007 the ICC pronounced that Articles 8(2)(b)(xxvi) and 8(2)(e)(vii) are applicable even if children are employed to safeguard the physical safety of military commanders (Par. 263). It might be argued that the recruitment taken by the Black Panthers is not covered under the purview of conscription and enlistment. In this regard, the disquisit ion in the same case is illuminating thus: "The Rome Statute prefers the terms "conscripting" and "enlisting" to "recruitment". In light of the foregoing, the Chamber holds the view that "conscripting" and "enlisting" are two forms of recruitment, "conscripting" being forcible recruitment, while "enlisting" pertains more to voluntary recruitment. It follows therefore that enlisting is a "voluntary" act, whilst conscripting is forcible recruitment. In other words, the child's consent is not a valid defence." (par 246-247). Hence, whether or not the enticement of the children to join the Black Panthers was done through force or by the voluntary acts of the former, the same is prohibited by the Statute. Although the plan of Guru X to forcibly compel the captured prisoners of the Black Panthers to join them were not followed by his second in command-Tutu, the setting up of recruitment centers in safe places within Ruritania, taking into account the fact that the Black Panthers did not even bother to ascertain the ages of the recruits, clearly violated the Statute, even though the conflict in the country is not international in character. Looking now into the individual

Conflict Analysis of Main Character in “The Clinic”

Conflict Analysis of Main Character in â€Å"The Clinic† Conflict Analysis of the Main Character in â€Å"The Clinic† Movie Synopsis Proposal CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the study Literature is intimate experience of an author carefully expressed in concrete images, through the use of structure, imaginative style and luxurious metaphors. It is not practical or logical communication, but an aesthetic experience. Literature can be divided into three parts. They are prose, poetry, and drama. Literary works is a life reflection of human living relating to conditions, interactions and conflict in the stories (Taylor, 1981, p. 5). Literary works contain aspects and elements that occur in the real life, such as: love, sufferance, struggle, happiness and sadness. In addition, literary works consists of several basic elements. They are plot, theme, character, point of view, and setting. The common parts of a plot are: the exposition or preliminary situation, the inciting or exciting force, or challenge, the rising action, or complication, the climax, or turning point, and the denouement, or resolution. Movie is a kind of literary work that explores that human imagination using imagery, adventure and experiences, in order to see life more interesting (Boggs, 1999, p. 3). In the movie there are a lot of character, the characters are important to make the movie run smoothly. 1.2 Identification of the study Thrillers movie is one of genres movie that offers mystery and suspense to the audience. â€Å"The clinic† is included as thriller movie. â€Å"The Clinic† movie talk about the struggles of the woman who is loss of their infants. Their struggles breeds many conflict, like that happened in Beth’s character when she struggle to find her infant. Conflict is the basic drama of the opposition experienced by characters as response to the dramatic emergence of these forces (the conflict could be quarrels between character with the idea or the environment)†. 1.3 Limitation of the study The analysis of this research is limited to internal and external conflict of the main character in â€Å"the clinic† movie. 1.4 Formulation of the study 1. what are conflict faced by the main character based on Lewis Coser theory? 2. how are the conflicts in â€Å"the clinic† movie ? 1.5 Objective of the study 1. To describes how Beth faces her own conflict. 2. To describe how are conflicts in â€Å"the clinic† movie 1.6 Significance of the study There are several significance of this research, there are: a. To increase the readers and me knowledge about literary work especially conflict. b. To improve the interest of the readers in understanding of movie. c. To increase the readers and the writer knowledge about character, main character and minor character in the movie. d. To help the next researcher or the students of English Department in understanding of conflict in the movie. CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATE LITERATURE The description of Movie Movie is dramatized representation of reality and it is included in one of fiction. According to Griffith (2011, p. 20) â€Å"fiction to describe prose works that tell a story about events that never happened in real life† According to Bluestone (1956, p. 6) â€Å"films are originally a product of a genuine folk-art. At the very beginning of things we find the simple recording of movement, galloping horses, railroad trains, fire-engines, sporting events, street scenes†. Berry Keith Grant (in Virginia, 2002, p. 163-164) categories of genres as fellow: comedy film, crime film, disaster films, suspense or thrillers film, epic films, erotic films, film noirs, gangster films, horror films, melodramas, musical films, science fiction films, sports films, war films, and western films. 2.1 Character Character is very important element in literary works. The character can be human, or even animal. In a movie, the character usually dominated by human as the character. The personality of the character will lead the character to act such emotional, behavior, and all the logical things that deals with the problems which be faced by the character. The character according to Robert (1993:20): â€Å"characters are the person present in dramatics of narrative work, who are interpreted by reader as being endowed with the moral and dispositional qualities that are expressed in what they say in the dialogue and what they do in action.† 2.1.1 The main Character A major is main character that develops the plot of the story and always appears on the story. The major character has significance roles in the story. It means that major character occupies most part in plot or events that are occurred in a story. The main character is sometimes called a protagonist whose conflict with an antagonist may spark the story’s conflict. Beth and Cameron are the main character in â€Å"The clinic† movie. 2.1.2 The Minor Character The minor characters can be defined as the supporting characters of the major characters that their function is to illuminate the major characters. The appearance of minor characters is usually infrequently. The minor characters role are also seems not important as the role of the main characters, although the minor characters sometimes related to the major character directly. Veronica, ivy, Allison, Hank, Ms. Shepard, Duncan, etc are the minor characters in this movie. 2.2 Conflict The conflict of the human happened because human has a limited and restricted capacity to satisfy most of his need. When human endure the conflict, this can cause human to react and brings out the extremes of human energy, human may take action, decision, response, and interactions toward the conflict which they are facing. 2.2.1 The definition of conflict Conflict is necessary to every fiction works; there is usually one major conflict. Conflict is also the essential part to the plot, without conflict there will be no plot. The conflict usually becomes clear to the beginning of a story. Conflict is a struggle over values and claims to scarce status, power and resources in which the aims of the opponents are to neutralize, or eliminate their rivals. 2.2.2 Types of conflict Internal conflict is more commonly referred to as â€Å"man vs. self â€Å", as the name suggests, it deals with a character having to overcome and change something about his or her being that they are struggling against what they have in mind. External conflict is the struggle of the character against the force from outside. There are several kinds of the external conflict that the character might face. First, the character against another characters. Second, the character against the society, third, the characters against the nature force. CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY In order to gather and compose the data in this research, the library research is applied as the method of analysis in this research. The relevant data that found as the source of the data idea which support to the topic being discus in this research all are collected and then applied in finishing this research. 3.1 Technique of collecting data In making this research, the researcher went through various stages of collecting the data. First, the researcher went to the movie corner and found out this movie. Then, the researcher watched the movie. Having watched the movie, the researcher made the topic and outline of the study. After deciding the problem formulation, the researcher to analyze the courage which can be found in the character of Beth, and the researcher went to the library and browsed the internet to find more info. Technique of analyzing data The data analyzing applied when all the primary data from the movie is collected and selected, as the data from movie is in the dialogue, which concern about the classification of conflict found from the main characters that has been chosen to the most significant data, then the data will be interpreted and to be brought into this research as the subject matter of the analysis, that is the main characters conflict found from the movie. Next the analysis will be stated by explaining the conflict of the main characters based on the definition and the classification of the conflict as descriptions above which reflected in â€Å"The Clinic† movie. BIBLIOGRAPHY Deetz, Stanley. A and Sheryl. L. Stevenson. 1986. Managing interpersonal Communication. New York: chapter Row Publisher. Diyanni, Robert. 2001. Literature Reading, Fiction, Poetry, and Drama. McGraw Hill International Edition. Nurgiyantoro. Burhan. 2012. Teori Pengkajian Sastra. Gadjah Mada University Prees.

How does Dickens Present the Criminals in Oliver Twist Essay -- GCSE En

â€Å"Oliver Twist† was written in 1838 by Charles Dickens and was originally published as a monthly magazine before being published as a novel that was subsequently read by many Victorians. It was written not only to entertain, but to raise awareness for the many issues in the society of the day related mainly to criminal activity. One of the main problems was based around the differentiation in the class of people in the Victorian era. People from the middle classes were widely known think very little of the lower classes and often considered them the evil of society. He also uses the novel to raise the issues related to the Poor Law Amendment Act of 1834 and the way that it involved sending poor or orphaned people like Oliver to ghastly overpopulated workhouses where they were poorly looked after. Dickens also fights against the negative stereotypes of criminals and prostitutes such as Nancy who eventually shows the good in herself to protect Oliver from the hands of the d eadly wrath of Bill Sikes. Although most would say Dickens is presenting the criminals as purely evil throughout the novel, characters such as Fagin and Sikes who are presented as dark creates of the criminal underworld, they do however on the very odd occasion redeem themselves with an act of good will, usually towards the boys. Fagin and Sikes, but more so Sikes are very dangerous and violent men, however Fagin is shown, along with Nancy, to have a good side within him and are given good images at parts of the novel, however Nancy’s good will proves to be her last move as her good will causes her to be brutally murdered by Sikes. This novel was written in the Victorian Era, a time when society faces many social difficulties such as industrialization, prostitu... ...edibly realistic and are well shown by the criminal’s actions and personalities in this novel. It makes me feel sympathetic for Nancy and feel strong hatred towards people like Bill and Fagin. Nancy gave up her life to protect and save the life of another human being. I find just doing that for somebody is a fantastic gesture and also takes a lot of courage. It definitely shows that individualism is bad for Britain, if Nancy followed individualism then it may have been the completely innocent Oliver that was killed or abused. He also shows that the people of Britain who are born into lower class families are not pure evil and that they definitely have much good within them. BIBLIOGRAPHY (1) http://www.scena.org/columns/lebrecht/050929-NL-twist.html Accessed 24/2/09 (2) https://www.123helpme.com/view.asp?id=37427 Accessed 5/3/09

Information System Briefing

Information system briefing By Adrienne Williams Healthcare Information systems HCS/483 10/16/12 Instructor Dionne Mahaffey Introduction In this information system briefing I will be discussing the process of researching and selecting Good information systems, when selecting a system you must always know the goal of the organization. mainly how this change can affect the stakeholders selection process. This system is distinct by way of an electrical form of communicating information (American Heritage Dictionary).In studies it’s clear to see the theory of information systems is just shared ideas and information; telecommunication though a computer. This type of technology has become very valuable when it comes to teaching and learning material system modules for any organization. In most accomplishment the general point of the project rest on having a system in place that can implementing a plan to meet the necessities of the healthcare Manufacturing business world today. Appl ying an information system is always a difficult task. It’s very significant to select a system that will benefit the organization accomplishments.Information Systems Briefing In many cases when it comes to healthcare organization being up to speed with the latest technology can and will help offer top notch patient care services. Most organization who are up to date has an department dedicated to information system it is in place to safeguard the technology up to the standards it needs to be. Updating this type of technology can be a bit of a challenge. The company always has a team of people to organize the information must choose the best technology for them to achieve the goals that are set for the company.Stakeholders are involved in every part of the planning and the setting up of the goals if the organization if the stakeholders do not know the steps about the information system technology they won’t know what’s taking place. Once goals are set into place it’s no longer difficult to choose the right information system. Part of the process of getting the system to work correctly for the company can be completed however it’s quite lengthy. The selection of a new healthcare information system (HIS) has been known to be overwhelming process for most clinicians.If the company can prevent any past mistakes of other companies that have tried but failed that will be of lessons learned. What’s to keep in mind is number of collaborators involved in electronic healthcare interventions. It’s identified and classified by five categories: data management, data creation, data sharing, modules management and data presentation. When reading what needs to be done in the selection of obtaining an information system, it is set in place to be how the organization will begin. Then the research for the right system the organization has picked is done.While doing the research, everyone involved should understand be able to under stand the technology before it is introduces to the entire organization (kim, king, & Brown, 2010). The ones who the team always aim to impress is the stakeholders, with that being said the all teams will have to exhibit the main topics to the stakeholders before applying this system into the organization. When implementing the system another important part of the research is for the shareholders to understand the process for this system, (Martin, Sargent, Naomi, & Swiernik, 2011). The cost is another portion that must go to the stakeholders.Closing When strategic planning is finished, the motivation for every person involved has increased and it built a shared vision to see the success of the project. When the members of the team have great communication that is what makes the key to a successful project. The members of the vision ,clarity, and good performance measures all play a role. Reference page Romanow, Darryl; Sunyoung Cho; Straub, Detmar. MIS Quarterly. Sep2012, Vol. 36 Is sue 3, piii-A18. 26p. 24 Charts, 2 Graphs. Paschali, Kallirroi; Tsakona, Anna; Health Science Journal, 2012 Jul-Sep; 6 (3): 418-31 (journal article – algorithm, review) ISSN: 1108-7366

Kudler Fine Foods Frequent Shopper Program Essay

Service request kf-013 was submitted to create a requirements document for the proposed Frequent shopper program. The frequent shopper program is a new initiative by Kudler Fine Foods to increase revenue. The program is to track purchases of customers and accumulate points for gift items. This program will track purchase patterns to offer personalized savings to their customer, not only from them but also from their trading partners. There could be ethical, legal, and informational security issues. â€Å"Ethics refers to the principles of right and wrong that individuals, acting as free moral agents, use to make choices to guide their behaviors† (Laudon 2012, P 124). It applies to business behavior as well. An ethical issues that could arise from the frequent shopper program, deals with privacy. What information do individuals consider private? What rights do they have to keep that their information private? What responsibility do companies have to keep customer information pr ivate? These are just a few questions that surround the frequent shopper program from Kudler Fine Foods. Shoppers need to have the option to participate or not to participate in the program. The data collected will be used to â€Å"benefit† the customer but at what risk? The customers information will be sent to partnering companies that the customer knows nothing about. Kudler food has the legal responsibility to ensure that the partnering companies do not misuse their customers information for malicious gains. To meet the ethical concerns that arise with this program Kudler Fine Foods must provide the customer with the facts of the program. They also must provide who are the partnering companies and what information they will receive, or full disclosure of the program. This is the only way the customer can make an informed desicion on the program. There are legal guidelines for privacy laws â€Å"based on a regime called Fair Information Pracitces (FIP)† (Laudon 2012, P 132). There are many federal privacy laws that affect personal data, but most of those laws do not take into consideration the technology we have today. Companies can be held liable for a breech of privacy for its customers, if the company did not take the proper steps to secure their private information. Data security is a big investment for most companies. Everyday companies store transactional data from people. Some data is simple, like name, gender, and address; other data is unique like a social security number or bank account number. If a company is storing sensitive data, encryption will reduce the ability for the data to be stolen. â€Å"Encryption is the conversion of data into a form, called, ciphertext,that cannot be easily understood by unauthorized people† (University of Minnesota, 2011). Kudler Fine Foods must review their current security and ensure that it is secure enough to maintain the data privacy of its customer. Kudler Fine Foods frequent shopper program can provide their customer many benefits through its partners without storinng to much personal data. They will haven a ethical and legal obligations to their customers about personal data being shared. Security of the data will play a vital role in the sucess of the program, if a breech of the data accures, so does a breech of trust. The frequent shopper program will increase revenues for Kudler Fine Foods with minimal costs and proper informational security. References Laudon, K. C., & Laudon, J. P. (2012). Management information systems: Managing the digital firm (12th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson/Prentice Hall. University of Minnesota. (2011). Encrypting Stored Data. Retrieved from http://www.oit.umn.edu/security/topics/encrypting-data/index.htm

Void Keyword Definition in Java

Void Keyword Definition in Java The void keyword in Java denotes that a method does not have a return type. However, even though a constructor method can never have a return type, it does not have the void keyword in its declaration. Examples The method displayBookData() does not have a return type as shown by the use of the void keyword. Note that the constructor method Book(String, String, String) does not use the void keyword even though it too does not have a return type. public class Book {   Ã‚  private String title;   Ã‚  private String author;   Ã‚  private String publisher;   Ã‚  public Book(String title, String author, String publisher)   Ã‚  {   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  this.title title;   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  this.author author;   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  this.publisher publisher;   Ã‚  }   Ã‚  public void displayBookData()   Ã‚  {   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  System.out.println(Title: title);   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  System.out.println(Author: author);   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  System.out.println(Publisher: publisher);   Ã‚  } }

Free Essays on Normandy

This was the last place I wanted to be. You could see it on the other men’s faces also. The training for Operation Overlord had lasted nearly one month, but nothing could prepare us for the battle we fought in our heads. Our landing craft was packed with soldiers; it looked like a shapeless mass of camouflage. Diesel smoke poured from its motor, making my eyes burn and lungs writhe. The ocean was cold, and the constant spray and mist in my face did nothing to comfort me. I knew that most of us were going to die today, myself included. I looked up to hear our commanding officer yell in a deep confident tone â€Å"In ten minutes we will be going ashore, don’t forget your training and you will make it!† I was afraid, more afraid than I had ever been. I didn’t want to die today. Ahead through the fog I could start to make out the cliffs. The explosions from the constant shelling were now visible. The Navy’s 18-inch guns made thunder sound insignificant, and the blasts were like a kick to the chest. After three days of shelling the beaches, the Germans knew we were coming. Behind me was a stream of landing craft stretching to the horizon. I could see the extensive network of battlements the Germans had set up on the beaches and the cliffs were daunting. Two divisions of paratroopers and glider infantry had flown in behind enemy lines the night before. Unfortunately for the paratroopers, the weather had not cooperated with them. The divisions were scattered about like playing cards in a bad game of 52 card pick up. The units were in no condition to take on the battlements. We were told by our commanders that after last nights surprise attack, resistance would be minimal. Unfortunately this was not the case. The cliffs erupted in flashes and bursts of machine gun fire. We were still a few hundred yards off the beach but bullets were hitting all around us. I could hear the drone of a mortar shell, and instan... Free Essays on Normandy Free Essays on Normandy This was the last place I wanted to be. You could see it on the other men’s faces also. The training for Operation Overlord had lasted nearly one month, but nothing could prepare us for the battle we fought in our heads. Our landing craft was packed with soldiers; it looked like a shapeless mass of camouflage. Diesel smoke poured from its motor, making my eyes burn and lungs writhe. The ocean was cold, and the constant spray and mist in my face did nothing to comfort me. I knew that most of us were going to die today, myself included. I looked up to hear our commanding officer yell in a deep confident tone â€Å"In ten minutes we will be going ashore, don’t forget your training and you will make it!† I was afraid, more afraid than I had ever been. I didn’t want to die today. Ahead through the fog I could start to make out the cliffs. The explosions from the constant shelling were now visible. The Navy’s 18-inch guns made thunder sound insignificant, and the blasts were like a kick to the chest. After three days of shelling the beaches, the Germans knew we were coming. Behind me was a stream of landing craft stretching to the horizon. I could see the extensive network of battlements the Germans had set up on the beaches and the cliffs were daunting. Two divisions of paratroopers and glider infantry had flown in behind enemy lines the night before. Unfortunately for the paratroopers, the weather had not cooperated with them. The divisions were scattered about like playing cards in a bad game of 52 card pick up. The units were in no condition to take on the battlements. We were told by our commanders that after last nights surprise attack, resistance would be minimal. Unfortunately this was not the case. The cliffs erupted in flashes and bursts of machine gun fire. We were still a few hundred yards off the beach but bullets were hitting all around us. I could hear the drone of a mortar shell, and instan...

Laoshi - Teacher in Mandarin Chinese

Laoshi - Teacher in Mandarin Chinese Countries where Mandarin Chinese is spoken are often strongly influenced by Confucian ideals. Part of the Confucian tradition is a deep respect for teachers. LÇŽoshÄ « is the Mandarin word for â€Å"teacher.† It has two characters: è€ Ã¥ ¸ « and the first character lÇŽo è€  is a prefix which means â€Å"old.† The second character shÄ « Ã¥ ¸ « means â€Å"teacher,† so the literal translation of lÇŽoshÄ « is â€Å"old teacher.† However, è€  in this context just expressed respect and isnt related to actual age at all. Compare with è€ Ã©â€"† for boss. LÇŽoshÄ « is also used as a title. You can address your teacher as â€Å"lÇŽoshÄ «Ã¢â‚¬  or you can use lÇŽoshÄ « in combination with a family name when referring to a teacher. This can feel strange at first to learners of Mandarin Chinese since we dont really do that in English, except possibly for younger children. In Mandarin, you can always call your teacher lÇŽoshÄ «, including at university.   Examples of LÇŽoshÄ « Click the links to hear the audio. LÇŽoshÄ « hÇŽo. NÇ  mng ma?è€ Ã¥ ¸ «Ã¥ ¥ ½Ã¤ ½  Ã¥ ¿â„¢Ã¥â€"Ž?è€ Ã¥ ¸Ë†Ã¥ ¥ ½Ã¤ ½  Ã¥ ¿â„¢Ã¥ â€"?Hello teacher. Are you busy?WÇ’ hÄ›n xÇ huan Hung lÇŽoshÄ «.我å ¾Ë†Ã¥â€"Å"æ ­ ¡Ã© »Æ'è€ Ã¥ ¸ «Ã¦Ë†â€˜Ã¥ ¾Ë†Ã¥â€"Å"æ ¬ ¢Ã© »â€žÃ¨â‚¬ Ã¥ ¸Ë†I really like Teacher Huang. Note that in the first case, its not necessary to include ä ½   or æ‚ ¨ in the greeting to form the standard ä ½  Ã¥ ¥ ½Ã‚  or æ‚ ¨Ã¥ ¥ ½, you just add Ã¥ ¥ ½ to the title. This is similar to the way you would say hello to a large group: Ã¥ ¤ §Ã¥ ® ¶Ã¥ ¥ ½. The second sentence shows how teachers are usually talked about among students (again, up to and including university). Update:  This article was significantly updated by  Olle Linge.

Do not need to divide it Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Do not need to divide it - Coursework Example (CVE-2003-0352, 2003) On knowing about the identification of this vulnerability in its primary product, Microsoft released a bulletin with a patch to plug the hole in the system. It did turn out to be successful and Microsoft released it through the "Microsoft Security Bulletin MS03-026†. On the release of it, Microsoft recommended all of its Windows users to immediately install the patch so that any further severe damage could be prohibited. The severity of the threat depends on the impact of the exploitation made on this vulnerability. (Microsoft Security Bulletin MS03-026 2003) The report details about the technical specifications of the vulnerability, its severity level if it is exploited in a Windows operating system, the methods and details about how it is exploited and the consequences that it could lead to a system. The report also aims to provide details on methods that could be used as mitigation processes in solving this vulnerability. ... (Reuvid 2004) The severity level of threats that could be experienced with this vulnerability was very critical. Most of the networking systems depended on the remote connectivity that was capable in Windows with the help of these interfaces. As a result, critical business functions that completely depended on Networking came under severe threat. The versions of Windows that were affected by this vulnerability includes 2000, NT, 2003 and even Windows XP. More severe consequences were faced by those systems, which did not have a proper firewall system. Before gaining details on the vulnerability and how it is exploited, it is mandatory to know about the protocols that have been used as the medium of access for the vulnerability exploiters. RPC and DCOM protocols RPC - Remote Procedure Call as defined by Microsoft is, "a protocol used by the Windows operating system. RPC provides an inter-process communication mechanism that allows a program running on one computer to seamlessly execut e code on a remote system. The protocol itself is derived from the Open Software Foundation (OSF) RPC protocol, but with the addition of some Microsoft specific extensions†. (Microsoft Security Bulletin MS03-026, 2003) The Distributed Component Object Model also called as the DCOM protocol allows for a seamless communication across several networks for multiple software accessories. The result of which is a direct communication which is uninterrupted and can be easily established across networks that are using different transport mediums. Examples of such network transport protocols include the universally accepted Hyper Text Transfer Protocol – HTTP.

Following Unethical Military Orders Research Paper

Following Unethical Military Orders - Research Paper Example In most cases the military discipline and effectiveness is based on the fact that they have to obey the orders that are given to them. The emphasis on military ethics can be seen with the recruits who are taught how to obey without question especially if the orders are from their superiors. There are serious consequences for members who do not adhere to the orders stated. In the military it is considered a crime not to obey the orders stated (Dream, 2011). Consider for instance the ethics of killing criminals which in most cases has been criticized by the public. This is because, they table their argument that it can never being right to use deadly forces to enhance law and order against people intentionally. It cannot be ignored that killing is always wrong since it is the responsibility of God to give and take life and not human beings. It is a sign of violating human dignity since statistics show that even the innocent people end up being victims. Military officers do not have a right to retaliate over their enemies. However, members of the military argue that killing in some cases is justified, especially as a form of defense. Power, security and economy are the great determinants of the international relations that exist among different countries. This is an implication that countries that have not fully stabilized their military institutions are likely to feel unsafe and this makes them want to establish the best economic relations with those that have a military stability (Mobley, 2009). The policy of cooperation is best underpinned by the realism theory that fosters national interest and security over ideological differences. The military ethical orders are an evolving inquiry. This means that experts are always looking and studying the past for purpose of understanding the future. In most countries, ethical policies in the military are considered to be those that are about the

Chronological and Subjective Age in Emerging Adulthood Essay

Chronological and Subjective Age in Emerging Adulthood - Essay Example The relationship between the chronological and subjective age has been a keen area of interest. Researchers have speculated that subjective age may be a motivational facet of identity, associated with a desire to be younger or older (Galambos, Kolaric, Sears,&Maggs, 1999). Subjective age also appears to be influenced by important social and autobiographical reference points (Montepare & Clements, 2001; Zebrowitz & Montepare, 2000) such as behaviours associated In an attempt to establish a relationship between the chronological and subjective age, a research was carried out. A sample of 190 university students (140 females, 50 males) ages 17 to 29 completed questionnaires assessing their subjective age, psychosocial maturity, number of role transitions, financial dependence, economic pressure, and alcohol use. Based on the results of these questionnaire, experts tried to locate the exact crossover point, where the subjective age exceeds the chronological age. It is important to locate the crossover point as it helps to acquire a proper understanding of the characteristics of emerging adulthood, and the changes in self perception accompanying it. As mentioned earlier, the study was conducted on 190 university students, falling between the age group of 17 to 29, the mean age of the sample being 21.87 years. The participants were judged on five different parameters- psychosocial maturity, number of role transitions, financial dependence on parents, economic pressure and alcohol use. Among these parameters, the former two are possible markers of adulthood while the latter two are barriers to its achievement. To have a better understanding of the study, it is imperative to comprehend the five parameters mentioned above. Psychosocial maturity is defined as an individuals' general level of adaptive functioning and socioemotional competence (Galambos & Costigan, 2003). It also takes into account various several other factors such as the ability to function independently, developed communication skills, and the capacity to shoulder social responsibility. Another criterion which was considered in the study was the number of role transition roles. This refers to the ease with which an individual can adapt a particular role according to the need of the hour. But experts believe that this particular feature isn't as important as is psychosocial maturity. While these two factors are representative of emerging adulthood, there are others which serve as barriers to maturity. Dependence on parents for financial assistance is one such factor. (Arnett, 1994). Economic pressure is another such criterion, which is intimately related to the first factor. As the name suggests, economic pressure refers to the difficulty associated with financial stressful conditions. (Conger, Rueter, & Conger, 2000). A higher level of economic pressure suggests that financial independence has not been achieved, which in turn is characteristic of a lower than expected subjective age. The last of

Decision support systems Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Decision support systems - Article Example Almost 2.8 people have been left homeless and 2.3 million are without food. The direct damage caused by the earthquake is estimated to be about US$2.3 billion. Private housing suffered the maximum damage to the extent of about US$1.03 billion. Of the total housing stock, 84 percent was damaged or destroyed in AJK and 36 percent was damaged or destroyed in NWFP. The transport, education, and agriculture and livestock sectors suffered damages to the extent of US$340 million, US$335 million, and US$218 million, respectively. The cost of reconstruction and restoration of services is estimated to be US$3.5 billion, with housing reconstruction accounting almost UD$1.6 billion. Reconstruction: In the short term, in addition to addressing the immediate sheltering needs of the affected population, the Government should begin preparing for the longer reconstruction phase. With the onset of winter, reconstruction activities could be reduced to a minimum, particularly in areas above the snowline. During this time, it will be important to undertake the following activities in preparation for reconstruction: (i) determine losses for establishing a baseline and eligibility levels; (ii) undertake seismic and soil investigations, particularly in the most affected areas; (iii) conduct training for safe construction techniques; (iv) disseminate information on available assistance packages and seismic-resistant designs; and (v) establish property rights. The reconstruction effort for permanent housing would predominantly begin in the spring with the provision of hazard-resistant housing for affected population through cash grants for basic housing assistance, beneficiary identification with compensation levels, and urban planning and development initiatives. Livelihood: The livelihood support strategy should also seek to rejuvenate economic activity in affected areas through reviving small businesses and trades, livestock and agriculture, and creating employment opportunities for those who are now permanently disabled. A short term option would be providing cash grants to affected families in the form of a monthly support of a recurrent, fixed amount. In addition, cash for work programs may be effective in generating temporary employment for those who are able and willing to work at an appropriate wage. Agriculture and Livestock: In the medium term support would be needed for replanting fruit trees, rebuilding terraces, replenishment of livestock inventory, rehabilitation of productive infrastructure, and reconstruction of laboratories, offices of extension and research for agriculture, livestock, and irrigation departments. Over the longer term the focus should be on restoring livestock inventories and rehabilitation of terraces and soil conservation infrastructure that have been severely damaged. It is necessary to reestablish the agricultural sector in a sustainable manner through strengthening institutional capacities and providing support services. Health: The reconstruction

Market share Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Market share - Essay Example This report provides all the relevant information regarding ASDA supermarkets that is required for business and competitor intelligence needs. It contains the major external and internal factors that affect ASDA stores limited in SWOT and PESTLE analysis form. Conclusions and recommendations reached is based on the data collected in relation to the history, business description and the list of products and services provided by the supermarket. ASDA supermarket is a British chain of supermarkets dealing with mostly retail business in foodstuffs, toys, clothing and the general merchandise. The supermarket chain has also a mobile telephone network known as ASDA mobile. The head offices of ASDA chain of supermarkets are situated in ASDA house Leeds, West Yorkshire (Asda par 4 2010). ASDA has collaborated with major players in the retail industries in strengthening and increasing its market share. One such situation is when the management showed interest in Wal-mart the largest retailers in the world (Deloitte 2009 par 1), and become its subsidiary in 1999. It is the second largest supermarket chain in the United Kingdom after Tesco. The ASDA supermarket was previously at third position but managed to overtake Sainsbury in 2003. The market share of the various supermarkets in the United Kingdom is as shown below: The marketing promotions of ASDA supermarket have solely been based on price. The slogan for the supermarket is â€Å"Britain’s Lowest Priced Supermarket, twelve years running†. The supermarket has now been wholly owned by Wal-mart and thus is not required by law to declare its half yearly or quarterly earnings. The supermarket submits all accounts to Wal-mart’s offices each and every October. The supermarket enjoys an employee pool of 143, 126 in number thus a major employer in the region. ASDA in 2006 introduced ASDA essentials to stock the products of the company. This

Total Quality Management Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Total Quality Management - Article Example The first approach conceptualizes TQM as a limited set of technical tools(such as statistical process control and Pareto analysis) while the second approach views TQM as part of broader changes to human resource (HR) practices. Soft TQM corresponds to human factors like commitment, team work and so on which contributes to organisational performance. It plays dual roles. One is to create an environment where seamless diffusion and implementation of hard TQM can take place, and the other is to directly affect organisation's performance in the same way that traditional human resource management (HRM) practices impact organizations. (Ahire et al. 1996). Hard TQM tools tend to be more profound in companies that adopt strategies to increase stakeholder commitment and incorporate the views of employees in decision making processes. It views the organization on the whole as a system. It can be concluded that soft TQM will affect elements of hard TQM, in addition to having a direct impact on performance. In this study Organisational performance is expressed using seven variables used by (Samson and Terziovski, 1999) amongst six variables of soft TQM used by (Dow et al. 1999) and the four elements of hard TQM adopted by (Power et al, 2001). 1. ... 1. Direct effect of soft TQM on organisation's performance: Three (executive commitment, open organization and employee empowerment) of 12 soft TQM factors correlate to corporate performance (Powel, 1995). Again 3 (workforce commitment, shared vision and customer locus) of 9 factors influence corporate performance (Dow et, 1999). 2. Indirect effect of soft TQM on organisation's performance: Here soft TQM influences hard TQM for performance. A blend is required as attention to process, product and information technology may yield quality improvements, but ultimately it is 'people that make quality happen' (Bowen, 1992). Executives appear to understand that employee motivation, education and corporate culture all have an important role to play in efforts to improve quality, even if they are uncertain about how HR-based quality improvements can be implemented in practice (Bowen & Hart). 3. Direct effect of Hard TQM on corporate performance: Hard TQM contemplates in stressing continuous improvement and treat organization as total systems (Sitkin et al, 1994). For instance, product and process benchmarking has resulted in optimal product design and process cost reduction at companies such as Ford, Motorola, Xerox and General Motors (Main and Templin, 1992). Brief Description of areas investigated: A total of 3000 Australian manufacturing sites were surveyed of which 962 sites responded, yielding a response rate of 32 percent. A telephone survey of 108 non-respondents was conducted after the main survey, and no evidence of non-response bias was found (AMC, 1994). Since the survey instrument consisted of a large number of questions (a total of 260), the results of the survey were also tested for respondent fatigue. It was found that the

Market share Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Market share - Essay Example This report provides all the relevant information regarding ASDA supermarkets that is required for business and competitor intelligence needs. It contains the major external and internal factors that affect ASDA stores limited in SWOT and PESTLE analysis form. Conclusions and recommendations reached is based on the data collected in relation to the history, business description and the list of products and services provided by the supermarket. ASDA supermarket is a British chain of supermarkets dealing with mostly retail business in foodstuffs, toys, clothing and the general merchandise. The supermarket chain has also a mobile telephone network known as ASDA mobile. The head offices of ASDA chain of supermarkets are situated in ASDA house Leeds, West Yorkshire (Asda par 4 2010). ASDA has collaborated with major players in the retail industries in strengthening and increasing its market share. One such situation is when the management showed interest in Wal-mart the largest retailers in the world (Deloitte 2009 par 1), and become its subsidiary in 1999. It is the second largest supermarket chain in the United Kingdom after Tesco. The ASDA supermarket was previously at third position but managed to overtake Sainsbury in 2003. The market share of the various supermarkets in the United Kingdom is as shown below: The marketing promotions of ASDA supermarket have solely been based on price. The slogan for the supermarket is â€Å"Britain’s Lowest Priced Supermarket, twelve years running†. The supermarket has now been wholly owned by Wal-mart and thus is not required by law to declare its half yearly or quarterly earnings. The supermarket submits all accounts to Wal-mart’s offices each and every October. The supermarket enjoys an employee pool of 143, 126 in number thus a major employer in the region. ASDA in 2006 introduced ASDA essentials to stock the products of the company. This

Courts Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Courts - Essay Example Generally, this power of judicial review is meant for the Courts to oversee the legislative or executive functions. However, the Court is able to exercise the power to uphold or deny the congressional and executive actions in passing upon the issue of constitutionality. Thus, judicial review can, in effect, nullify the acts of the other branches of the government. This should not be taken that the Supreme Court overpowers the other two branches. Instead, this authority must be understood in the light of the need to uphold the Constitution at all times. After all, in a country where rule of law is observed, the Constitution must be upheld without exception. To state otherwise will only result to the negation of the interests of the people. The power of the Supreme Court to make pronouncements as regards existing laws is not an absolute power. It is a rule that the power to exercise judicial review must be exercised only when there is an actual case or an actual controversy. Thus, to properly request the courts to examine the constitutionality of law, there must be at least one party who stands to benefit or to be injured by the questioned provisions of the law and who shall ask a pronouncement from the Court. This can be properly illustrated in the case of Marbury v. Madison. The case of Marbury v. Madison is considered a very important landmark case in the history of the Unite States Supreme Court. This is the first instance that the U.S. Supreme Court was able to declare and exercise its power of judicial review. What happened in the case of Marbury v. Madison? It was in the year 1800. William Marbury had been nominated, appointed as a justice of peace and given a commission. John Adams, the president of the United States back then, already signed the commission. The United States seals had been affixed to it also.

Analysis of Ford, Toyota and General Motors

Analysis of Ford, Toyota and General Motors COMPETITOR’S ANALYSIS: Toyota motors: Toyota is Japans greatest auto organization and the second biggest on the planet after General Motors. The essential explanation behind Toyotas achievement in the worldwide commercial center hails from their corporate rationality, the set of standards and demeanor that administer the utilization of its assets. The Toyota logic is frequently called as the Toyota Production System. The framework depends to a limited extent on a human assets administration arrangement that animates representative imagination and unwaveringness additionally, on an exceedingly productive system of suppliers and parts producers. Much of Toyotas achievement on the planet markets might be ascribed specifically to the synergistic execution of its approaches in human assets administration and inventory network systems. The playing point of the Tesla auto organization is that it centers chiefly on the one product offering identifying with the electric charging. So there is no preoccupation of the organization t o create autos having being energized by petrol, diesel or gas. The pivotal reason behind Toyotas accomplishment in the overall business focus lies in its corporate rationale the set of standards and state of brain that speak to the usage of its benefits. A corporate rationale, in the articulations of Fred J. Borch, past CEO of General Electric, is the umbrella approach that helpers most of the decisions and activities of the affiliation. The Toyota discernment is consistently more generally known as the Toyota Production System (Competitive advantage the Toyota way). Associations outside surroundings includes both geographic components and social components. Area and assets are urgent geographic elements impacting both national and corporate victory, with populace aspects and institutional courses of action making up the most serious parts of the social components influencing both the achievement of firms and of countries The Tesla company also has a competitive advantage in the manufacture of the cars as it has been successful in producing cars having lowest center of gravity, which is the main source of their â€Å"5 star safety rating† in all cars’ categories. This is the main cause of the endurance of the Tesla’s products in the market whereas Toyota and other remote auto creators have effectively infiltrated the US showcase and secured far reaching vicinity by temperance of its benefit. Toyotas logic of engaging its laborers is the inside bit of a human assets administration framework that encourages inventiveness and advancement by empowering representative investment, and that in like manner incites abnormal amounts of worker unwaveringness (Toyota). The biggest strengths of the Tesla are its execution. The company’s S model is the proof of how the company is able to execute and secondly its ability to increase the production that boosts up the investors’ confidence manufacturers aspirations. According to the latest earning report of Tesla it has achieved operating margins that equals to 25% for 2014. Moreover the company guided to 28% operating margins in the same year however Toyota is exchanging at 0.6 times bargains. Portage wants to start 23 models comprehensively in 2014, which is without a doubt the most item starts in a year in its history. Accordingly, development could quicken and this serves as a colossal impetus into 2014. The revenue of the Tesla is 9.3% that of Toyota moreover Tesla has much higher gross profit of 25%. The gross profit percentage of Toyota is 18.7% (Toyota). Ford motors: It was established by Henry Ford and fused on June 16, 1903. The Ford Motor Company (otherwise called essentially Ford) is an American multinational automaker headquartered Michigan, a suburb of Detroit. It was established by Henry Ford and fused on June 16, 1903. The organization offers cars and business vehicles under the Ford brand and most extravagance autos under the Lincoln brand. Passage additionally claims Brazilian SUV producer, Troller, and execution auto maker FPV. In the past it has additionally transformed tractors and auto segments (Our Company). Ford is one of the biggest car makers on the planet. The organizations head auto brands incorporate Aston Martin, Ford, Lincoln, Mazda, Mercury and Volvo. The organization fabricates and conveys vehicles in over 200 businesses over six main lands. The organizations solid brand portfolio provides for it a huge preference. Return on equity indicates what amount of benefit an organization creates from shareholders cash. The return for equity champion around the automakers is Ford (F). Alternate automakers are not as compelling in changing over shareholder cash into benefit. Return on equity is a measure of administrations viability, so I see this as a paramount metric and preference for Fords proceeded victory. The profit for equity is computed by taking net salary and separating it by the shareholders equity. Being investors we can envision ourselves as one of the board parts on Shark Tank. In spite of the fact that we dont have almost to the extent that as the Shark Tank board parts, we can assess these organizations to figure out whether they deserve of our speculation cash. Portage is changing over 28.5% of shareholder cash into benefit. This multiplies the ROE of alternate automakers. This shows that speculators can trust in the work that CEO, Alan Mullaly and his group are doing from a business outlook. This administration group is getting the most excitement for its speculators hard earned money. The administration adequacy is eventually reflected in the outperformance of Fords stock cost as contrasted with its rivals (Ford Vs. Tesla Which Stock Should You Buy?, 2013). After a remarkable year in 2013, shares of Ford (NYSE: F) dropped lower by almost 8% once the organizations 2014 standpoint was exhibited.Consistent with Ford CFO Bob Shanks, the organizations pretax profit in 2014 will be lower than in 2013. The organization refers to various purposes behind this absence of change, incorporating unanticipated government activity in developing markets, item reviews, and likewise an annuity commitment support. Elon Musk launched Tesla motors after 100 years when Ford Motors started but recently Ford motors has become the laggard. From investors point of view Tesla has a far higher esteem.Tesla has a lack of operational history in comparison with Ford and that might be the biggest strength in short term because the engineers start to work from a blank slate but from other point of view it can be a greatest risk in long-term as Ford has survived in every economic climate. Talking about the shares of the Ford they are valued on the basis of the companyâ €™s journey and where it stands now where as Tesla is judged from the perspective of future standing (SWOT analysis of Ford). Client unwaveringness will dependably be an exceptionally paramount pressure indicator of car bargains victory, said Jeffrey Anderson, executive of counseling and dissection for Experian Automotive. Portage has created greatly devoted clients over an extensive variety of vehicles. That consistency crosswise over its product offering has helped vault Fords unwaveringness rankings past its adversaries in our most recent study. Investors are paying great willingness to invest in Tesla as its sales are likely to increase from $400 million to more than $2billion. Mercedes Benz was second with 43.7 percent, which is a noteworthy build over the past quarter when they came in ninth spot with 34.6 percent. Talking about Tesla its supporters are watching the 10 year ramp of revenue as the entrance of sedan in 2017 which will have a moderate price in the mainstream market. General motors’: General Motors is the second greatest vehicles collecting association on the planet. They have divisions all far and wide that give plans and parts to each other. By offering parts and plans all far and wide, GM has the capability further reinforcing expansion a favorable luck over their opponents by saving on arrangement bunches. They similarly use economy of scales to cut down their liability on their parts. Entry motors gained the system that allowed it low taking care of expense by cutting all the excessive upkeep included in these operations. The goliath use on unrefined materials was slashed down and the web collecting strategy was introduced that focus on the change of automobiles on one technique as opposed to having various segments of building and arrangement. This strategy was secures overhead purpose of investment and give the association advantage over its adversaries in regards to additional level out of pocket (concierge, 1983), in the mean while association watched tr ansforming sharp automobiles that were not esteem sensitive and offered the suitability of expected section cars (About GM: Our Company). China is the biggest car business and is a rising economy that develops consistently. It is likewise the second biggest business sector for GM as far as vehicle units sold. An early passage into China, well performing organizations and neighborhood Buick brand are the primary reasons why GM has a solid position in Chinas auto market. GM is the biggest auto maker in US and at present holds more than 18% piece of the overall industry. This is essentially because of broad learning of US market and its consumers. Gm’s Cadillac, GMC, Chevrolet and Buick are around the top rated brands in US and China and acquire more than 80% of all General Motors deals. Tesla has become a media and stock market hero as it created gorgeous cars the Roadster and Model S. GM is a good competitor as it pools its resources and invest them into much focused projects. Some of the advantages that GM has over Tesla are the scale which is important for high profitability in the automobile industry and GMâ⠂¬â„¢s technology development that is used in several of its models. Tesla has a tiny product lineup (About GM: Our Company). General Motors has performed well starting late, however with GM, there had been the negative stigma encompassing its biggest guru, which obviously is the administration. Consequently, while the legislature possessed such a huge stake, shares of GM remained less expensive than its associates, and the organization still does not pay a profit. The Treasury has been offering shares at a quick rate in the course of the most recent year, and on Dec. 9 it affirmed that its remaining 31.1 million shares had been sold. In this manner, GM is no more government possessed, and has given or takes $37 billion in liquidity that might be utilized for profits and to make different speculations. U.S. automakers blasted after WWII, yet the impending blast in this hot auto business will put that surge to disgrace! Buyers in creating nations are developing wealthier, so clever moguls can exploit this ideal chance with the assistance of this brand-new Motley Fool report that distinguishes two automakers to purchase for a surging remote business (About GM: Our Company). Bibliography (n.d.). Retrieved from Toyota: http://www.toyota.com/ About GM: Our Company. (n.d.). Retrieved from gm: http://www.gm.com/company/aboutGM/our_company.html Competitive advantage the Toyota way. (n.d.). Retrieved from bsr.london.edu: http://bsr.london.edu/lbs-article/481/index.html Ford Motor Company passes General Motors and Toyota. (n.d.). Retrieved March 28, 2014, from finance.yahoo: http://finance.yahoo.com/news/ford-motor-company-passes-general-123000026.html Ford Vs. Tesla Which Stock Should You Buy? (2013). Retrieved 2014, from NASDAQ: http://www.nasdaq.com/article/ford-vs-tesla-which-stock-should-you-buy-cm288233 Our Company. (n.d.). Retrieved from ford: http://www.ford.com/ SWOT analysis of Ford. (n.d.). Retrieved from strategicmanagementinsight: http://www.strategicmanagementinsight.com/swot-analyses/ford-swot-analysis.html

Comparing Symbolical Language in Their Eyes Were Watching God and Great

Symbolical Language in Their Eyes Were Watching God and The Great Gatsby In some novels, strong impressions are exploited to conceal other meanings. Unraveling these symbolic word puzzles may reveal insights into the author's perspective and one's own secrets.   A careful analysis of selected passages of two books: Zora Neale Hurston's Their Eyes Were Watching God and Francis Scott Fitzgerald's The Great Gatsby, will show that symbolical language can reveal even more insight. In this comparison, symbolism in the passages containing variations of the words "blossom" or "blooming" will be examined to reveal human development beyond sexuality and anatomy. The protagonist, Janie, in Hurston's Their Eyes Were Watching God, was sixteen years old when a series of natural events led to her to unlocking the secrets of her own sexuality. "Janie had spent most of the day under a blossoming pear tree in the back yard" introduces a location suitable for observing a miracle of reproduction in nature. The word "blossoming" indicates the narrator's comments are in the active present tense. The next few sentences, changing to past tense, reveal that this particular day--the third day--was much different than the first two. "That was to say, ever since the first tiny bloom had opened." The author poetically reveals progressive stages of pear tree flowers "blooming" along with their pollination by bees. This process so intensely intrigues Janie that her enhanced awareness triggers previously hidden sensual emotions and desires. Janie's continuous observation of the interplay among the plant and insect kingdom--mixed with her own intuitive feelings while lying on her back beneath the pear tree--leads her to a burst of in... ...prevent Gatsby from relating to other "nice" girls like Daisy (148). In other words, both Janie and Gatsby had stumbled into a new awareness because of major turning points in their lives, but these were just beginnings! They had graduated from being "grown up children," but now they were like "children at being adults" still having much to learn. The remaining story developments of both books detail further growth in the character development of the protagonists and the principle characters. And so it is with us and how we unravel the mysteries of symbolism in literary word puzzles, that we as readers can also grow like "blossoms blooming" through the eyes of Hurston and Fitzgerald. Works Cited Fitzgerald, F. Scott. The Great Gatsby. New York: Scribner, 1953. Hurston, Zora N. Their Eyes Were Watching God. New York: Harper & Row, 1937.

Gender Bias in the Classroom Essay -- essays papers

Gender Bias in the Classroom RESEARCH IN CHILD DEVELOPMENT AND THEORIES OF LEARNING Gender inequity is not only learned and accepted in the socialization process that starts at home, but is also present in the school environment form the very early years. Parents and teachers consciously or unconsciously reinforce sex stereotypes. In 1992 Olivares and Rosenthal's research findings examined three areas: 1-interactions in the classroom that are both teacher-to-student and student-to-student 2-instruction features involving relation between classroom activities and the gender of the students assigned to perform the activities 3-the perceptions of gender roles through teachers modeling of sex stereotypes in the classroom. There are fundamental elements of the school environment develop and reinforce inequity: teachers may be unaware of their gender bias; there is a lack of school textbooks and other instructional materials are sex-bias free; and children may interact according to strongly stereotyped gender blueprints. There are teachers who promote gender equity and believe all students should receive the same opportunities to classroom resources and participation an activities. A number of teachers believe the cause of gender equity is best served through a approach of extending equal opportunities to all students and being sensitive to the special need of the groups perceived to be "at risk." Commeyras et al. (1997) stated that teachers generally agreed the there is a need for implementing gender-fair strategies, yet feel uncomfortable actively addressing gender issues in their classrooms. They are often unsure how much authority they should exert in determining the content and direction of students' talk during classroom discussions. Singh (1997) states educators need to decide upon a philosophical position to follow. Teachers need to be aware of their role in shaping gender perceptions among learners. In 1995 David and Jacqueline Sadker found that females were being shortchanged in classrooms. Girls received less praise, help, and intense instruction that creates academic confidence and success. Boys attracted more attention by calling out and acting up, demanding more teacher time and talent. The well-behaved girls became spectators as... .... [http://www.ed.gov/databases/ERIC_Digests/ed328610.html](9/18/00). Dickman, C. B. (1993). Gender differences and instructional discrimination in the classroom. Journal of Invitational Theory and Practice, 1993. Vol. 2, No.1.lycos.com.[http//www.uncg.edu/ced/iais/journal/v21p35.htm] (9/18/00). Manjari, S. (1998). Gender issues in the language arts classroom. ERIC Clearinghouse on Reading English and Communication Bloomington IN. [http://www.edgov/databases/ERIC_Digests/ed426409.html] (9/18/00). Rothenberg, D. (9/95). Supporting girls in early adolescence. ERIC Clearinghouse on Elementary Childhood Education Urbana IL. [http://www.edgav/databases/ERIC_Digest/ed386331.html] (9/18/00). Sadker, D. & J. (11/1/95). Equity update. lycos.com. [http://www.lycos.comsrch/more.html] (9/18/00) Sadker, D. (5/6/99). Gender equity: Still knocking at the classroom door. Educational Leadership 56 no7 22-6 Ap‘99.[http://vweb.hwwilsonweb.com/cgibin...GT.&SP.URL.P=(H9Z7)J(0O00041 061)& (10/10/00) Sanders, J. (5/97). Teacher education and gender equity. ERIC Clearinghouse on Teaching and Teacher Education Washington DC.[http://www.ed.gov/databases/ERIC_Digests/ed408227.html] (9/18/00)

Administrative Ethics Essay

This article presents a case study highlighting the conflict between an individual’s right to privacy and the rights of patients and staff to know when a professional standard has been breached. The process by which the administrator determines a course of action is reviewed in the context of workplace realities through an ethical analysis. The growth of information systems and the increased involvement of third parties in decision-making have created new issues regarding confidentiality and the release of sensitive information for health care personnel who are in a position of public trust. The issues facing nursing administrators are complex, and of particular concern are the conflicting demands of providing quality care with limited resources. The authors identify strategies to deal with the workplace issues that give rise to the potential for abuse as well as the strategies to support an impaired colleague who attempts to reenter the workforce (Badzek, Mitchell, Marra, & Bower, 1998). When asking the general public what health care ethics and health care privacy mean, most will relate that they are about protecting patients. Health care ethics and health care privacy do exist to protect patients and to ensure that care is delivered with moral and ethical standards. Health care ethics not only apply to patients, but to organizations as well. The rapidly changing world of health care is witnessing a growing need for institutional ethics that includes ethical employer-employee relations. The article cited in this paper highlights two managers that encounter an employee diverting narcotics on the job, how each manager deals with this incident, and the ethical dilemma of whether this employee is entitled to confidentiality or if fellow staff should be informed of the narcotic abuse. Identifying and analyzing the ethical question is how the best possible solution may be determined. By examining the issue and its impact on the population affected, discussing the proposed solution, and highlighting the ethical and legal implications of the issue will explain managerial responsibilities in this case. Issue and Impact The article reflects the ethical dilemma of whether or not an employee who has been identified as using diverted narcotics on the job is entitled to confidentiality or if the staff involved with the employee are entitled to know about the drug abuse. Jackie is a nurse that has returned to work after taking many years off to raise a family. She takes a job at a hospital working in the flexible staffing pool. As time passes, Jackie finds that work is extremely stressful because she rarely works in the same unit. She is asked to pass meds and perform work she is unfamiliar with and despite asking for help, has not received adequate support. The increasing stress leads Jackie to divert narcotics. Jackie’s diversion of narcotics goes unnoticed for quite awhile because she works in so many different units. She is eventually discovered when she spends three weeks in the same unit covering for someone’s vacation. Michele and Karen are both nursing administrators involved in Jackie’s case. Jackie reports directly to Karen, who is head of the flexible nursing pool. Michele is the nursing administrator of the unit Jackie was discovered diverting narcotics from. Karen makes the decision to grant Jackie a leave of absence to pursue rehabilitation. The stipulation of completion of the rehabilitation program will allow Jackie to return to her job. Karen does not report Jackie to the State Board of Registered Professional Nurses because she is actively engaging in rehabilitation activities. Following these events, Michele meets with the human resources director, the nurse manager of the unit Jackie was working on when the drugs were diverted, and the chair of the nursing ethics committee to determine if further action should be taken. Michele believes that Jackie has a right to privacy and confidentiality, but thinks that an open staff discussion is needed to highlight for the staff the prevalence of nurse addiction. She also wants to identify if anyone knew or suspected Jackie’s diversion of narcotics and didn’t act. Karen’s concern is motivated by not knowing how to handle Jackie’s issue should she return to work and by the fact that Jackie compromised patient’s pain relief by diverting their narcotics. Karen objected to planning an open staff meeting because she felt  it would compromise Jackie’s confidentiality. Supporting the Proposed Solution The issues to address involve separating the greater good of the patient population and the rights of the other staff from the individual right of Jackie’s confidentiality. Karen believes that confidentiality should be protected without exception and that the corrective action initiated by the administration was adequat e. Karen also argues that if Jackie’s situation becomes common knowledge to staff, they might fear that other confidential information will be shared by administration. Michele believes that Jackie’s actions warranted a discussion with the nursing staff to determine if anyone knew or suspected and why they did not act. Despite Jackie’s willing participation in rehabilitation, she still needs to self-report to the State Board of Nursing. Mandatory reporting for most state boards includes actual or suspected drug diversion (Arizona State Board of Nursing, 2012). The State Board of Nurse Examiners assesses each report and can take disciplinary action, ranging from a reprimand, probation, suspension, revocation, or refusal to renew a license (Badzek et al., 1998). Michele needs to collect information about her organizational policy and procedures in relation to impaired employees. The state Nurse Practice Act provides standards of practice that reflect current state laws and regulations. In the absence of relevant law, ethics help determine what is morally acceptable (Weinstein, 1995). Information regarding the ethical and proper managemen t of nurses with substance abuse problems is also available through the American Associations of Colleges of Nursing (AACN). The arguments for protecting private information are closely linked to human dignity and respect (Garrett, Baillie, & Garrett, 2009). It is incredibly important for Michele to utilize all of these resources to sort through her legal and ethical obligations to patients, Jackie, other staff, and her profession. Managerial Responsibility Michele ultimately honors Jackie’s privacy and confidentiality, but in order to fulfill her ethical obligation to the nursing profession, she also finds solutions to place measures to provide competent, ethical nursing conduct. Solutions include: 1) clarifying policies and issues of employee  confidentiality 2) Identifying and developing education for administration in identification of ethical issues and decision making 3) Reviewing and improving policy in regards to impaired employees 4) Educating all staff about the signs and symptoms of drug abuse, reporting requirements, and the available resources. Conclusion When discussing privacy and c onfidentiality in healthcare we often assume that this is in regards to patients only. What the healthcare community is finding is that it is equally important to have clear policy and code regarding privacy in employer-employee relations. Ethical dilemmas are complex and require collection of all pertinent information to find ethical solutions. This paper highlighted an ethical dilemma that involved a choice between honoring an employee’s privacy and disclosing important information involving substance abuse to the other staff. Examining the facts and collecting information from professional organizations and regulatory agencies assisted in reaching an ethical decision. Not only was the employee’s privacy honored, the organization improved processes to recognize and deal with substance abuse more effectively.

Early Adolescents’ Perceptions of Peer Pressure

The Journal of Early Adolescence http://jea. sagepub. com/ Early Adolescents' Perceptions of Peer Pressure B. Bradford Brown, Mary Jane Lohr and Eben L. McClenahan The Journal of Early Adolescence 1986 6: 139 DOI: 10. 1177/0272431686062005 The online version of this article can be found at: http://jea. sagepub. com/content/6/2/139 Published by: http://www. sagepublications. com Additional services and information for The Journal of Early Adolescence can be found at: Email Alerts: http://jea. sagepub. com/cgi/alerts Subscriptions: http://jea. sagepub. com/subscriptions Reprints: http://www. sagepub. com/journalsReprints. av Permissions: http://www. sagepub. com/journalsPermissions. nav Citations: http://jea. sagepub. com/content/6/2/139. refs. html ;; Version of Record – Jun 1, 1986 What is This? Downloaded from jea. sagepub. com at Guangdong University of Foreign Studies on October 21, 2011 from the SAGE Social Science Collections. from jea. sagepub. com at Guangdong Universit y of Foreign Studies on October 21, 2011 Downloaded All Rights Reserved. Downloaded from jea. sagepub. com at Guangdong University of Foreign Studies on October 21, 2011 Downloaded from jea. sagepub. com at Guangdong University of Foreign Studies on October 21, 2011 Downloaded from jea. sagepub. com at Guangdong University of Foreign Studies on October 21, 2011 Downloaded from jea. sagepub. com at Guangdong University of Foreign Studies on October 21, 2011 Downloaded from jea. sagepub. com at Guangdong University of Foreign Studies on October 21, 2011 Downloaded from jea. sagepub. com at Guangdong University of Foreign Studies on October 21, 2011 Downloaded from jea. sagepub. com at Guangdong University of Foreign Studies on October 21, 2011 Downloaded from jea. sagepub. com at Guangdong University of Foreign Studies on October 21, 2011 Downloaded from jea. sagepub. om at Guangdong University of Foreign Studies on October 21, 2011 Downloaded from jea. sagepub. com at Guangdong University of Foreign Studies on October 21, 2011 Downloaded from jea. sagepub. com at Guangdong University of Foreign Studies on October 21, 2011 Downloaded from jea. sagepub. com at Guangdong University of Foreign Studies on October 21, 2011 Downloaded from jea. sagepub. com at Guangdong University of Foreign Studies on October 21, 2011 Downloaded from jea. sagepub. com at Guangdong University of Foreign Studies on October 21, 2011 Downloaded from jea. sagepub. com at Guangdong University of Foreign Studies on October 21, 2011

Islam in UK Essay

I am going to write about â€Å"Islam†. In this topic, I’ll describe Islamic values, Islamic traditions, the meaning of Islam and other things, which are related to Islam. I am writing this to inform Muslims about Islamic culture and values. I have chosen this topic to advise and persuade them to follow the right ways of Islam. The reason to choose this topic is that in Pakistan there are many people who call themselves Muslims, but in reality, they don’t fulfil the duties of Islam. They don’t understand what Islam is. They don’t know how to treat their children, how to teach them Islamic principles. My aim is to inform Muslims about the true meaning of Islam. I’ll get the information from the internet, my family, my teachers and my personal points of view. I am a Muslim therefore I have lots of information about my topic. I’ll tell you about God, belief, sects of Islam, prophets and other information. The people, who call themselves Muslims, they consider that they belong to a Muslim family so they are also Muslims, but it is wrong. They don’t know their religion’s facts. For being a Muslim, they should know their religion’s reality. There are also some people who think that they have recited the creed, so they would be called Muslims, but this is not reality. Muslims are those people who have firm belief in their heart and soul, on Islam, Allah, His angels, His messengers, His books and His revelations. You should believe in the judgement day, and fate and destiny. Muslims believe in only One God, the same God that Jews and Christians believe in. For a Muslim, the life of the prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) is the perfect example. A Muslim is that person, who follows the principles and the acts of the prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him), these principles and acts are called ‘Sunnah’. For being a Muslim, the first thing that you should know about Islam is its meaning. Islam is the Arabic word, which simply means peace and purity. Islam connotes submission, surrender, and obedience. As a religion, Islam stands for complete submission and obedience to Allah and therefore it is called ‘Islam’. Anyone who has firm belief in Islam and surrenders himself to Allah is called a Muslim. Islam is not a new religion. It is in essence the same message and guidance which Allah revealed to all His previous messengers. The message which was revealed to the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him), is Islam in its comprehensive, complete and final form. Islam is the religion, which was given to Adam, the first man, and the first prophet of Allah, and it was the religion of all the prophets sent by Allah to humankind. The name of God’s religion Islam was not decided upon by later generations of man. It was chosen by Allah Himself and clearly mentioned in His final revelation to man. In the final book of divine revelation, the Koran, Allah states the following: â€Å"This day I have perfected your religion for you, completed My favour upon you, and have chosen Islam for you as your religion†. (Soorah Al-Maa’idah 5:3) After having faith in Allah, a Muslim worships God to seek His will. The five pillars of Islam are core beliefs that shape a Muslim’s thought, deed, and society. A Muslim who fulfils the five Pillars of Islam, remains in the faith of Islam, and sincerely repents of his sins, will make it to paradise. One of these pillars is the ‘Shahada’, which is the Islamic proclamation that â€Å"there is no true God except Allah, and Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah†. This is the declaration that Allah is the one and only true God, that Allah alone is worthy of worship and the sovereign lord who does what he wills with whoever he wills. It means that all of His rules and laws found in the Koran are to be followed. Muhammad is the true and greatest prophet of God and recognition of Muhammad as the Prophet of God is required. It was through Muhammad that God conveyed the last and final revelation. I have seen some Muslims who just recite the Islamic proclamation but do not care about acting upon other pillars. The second pillar is prayer, which involves confession of sins, which begins with the purification of the body and ends with the purification of the soul. Prayer is performed five times a day. The first prayer is at dawn and the last at sunset. The names of the prayers, which are essential to pray, are Fajr, Dhuhr, Asr, Maghrib, Isha. There are also some prayers, which are not obligatory to pray. As a Muslim, I perform these prayers, but unfortunately not regularly. The third pillar is ‘fasting’, which is an act of worship where the faithful follower denies his own needs and seeks Allah. Usually, this fasting entails no drinking, eating, or having sexual relations during the daylight hours for the entire month of Ramadan. The month of Ramadan is the month of fasting in Islam. I must keep fast myself in the month of Ramadan, but sometimes I keep fast in other days instead of Ramadan. The fourth pillar of Islam is giving alms to poor people, disabled people, orphans and widows. Charity is the biggest source of asking forgiveness for our sins. Whenever I have something to give someone, I give alms to needy people. The fifth pillar is the pilgrimage to Mecca, which has been ordered to everyone to do it at least one time in your life. That pilgrimage purifies your soul from all sins as the water cleans the dirtiness. If you perform the five pillars, but do not remain in the faith, you will not be saved. Islam has a number of special occasions of celebration. These occasions are observed with devotion to seek the pleasure of Allah. There is no concept of festival only for pleasure. The festivals are the occasions of thanksgiving, joy and happiness. The two major occasions in Islam in each year are Eid-ul-Fitr and Eid-ul-Adha. I also celebrate these occasions. I enjoy them a lot. Eid-ul-Fitr is observed at the end of the month of Ramadan. On this day, after a month of fasting, Muslims express their joy and happiness by offering a congregational prayer. This day is generally observed as a holiday in Muslim countries. Eid-ul-Adha begins on the 10th of Dhu’l Hijjah and continues until the 12th day of the month. It is celebrated to commemorate the Prophet Abraham’s readiness to sacrifice his son Ishmael on the command of Allah. This occasion of great importance comes every year during the days of the pilgrimage of Mecca and is observed by offering congregational prayer, as i n Eid-ul-Fitr. Some other occasions to observe and celebrate include Lailat-ul-Qadr (Night of power), Lailat-ul-Miraj (Night of the Ascent), the beginning of Hijrah, and the dates for Islamic battles, the birthday of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) and Ashurah (10th of Muharram). Islamic festivals are observed according to the Islamic calendar, which is based on Lunar months. The Lunar year is shorter than the solar year by about 10 days. Festival dates are determined by the sighting of the moon. Unfortunately, there is not a single Islamic calendar, which has been accepted by Muslims all over the world. I do not celebrate all of these occasions, but I try my best to celebrate all of these festivals. Nowadays in many Muslim countries, most of people lay stress on celebrating non Islamic festivals instead of Islamic like Basant (festival of flying kites), Holli (festival of playing with colours and music) and Christmas. Some people think that â€Å"a perfect Muslim† is simply one who is correct in the observance of the ritual prayer, the fasting, the charity, and the pilgrimage to Mecca. This is not the fact. If you are not humble, pious and truly God-fearing instead of performing ritual prayers, then you are not a real Muslim. A Muslim should be truthful, honest, and moderate in everything, loving, optimistic, hopeful and sincere. You should take special care to keep away yourself from all the shameful and sinful things God has forbidden. The main forbidden acts in Islam are refusing from the oneness of Allah, testifying false testimonies, murdering people and making money by taking interest on loans. Allah has also forbidden us from taking other’s money unjustly especially money of orphans and needy people. Islam has prohibited us from slandering chaste and pure women, and having sexual relationships outside marriage. The other things, which are not allowed to do in Islam, are drinking alcohol, gambling, stealing, swearing, lying, eating pork and committing suicide. Islam makes faith and religion the basis of the entire human society and the most important for the system of its relationships. The Islamic concept of nationhood is not based on language, colour or region kinship. The Islamic community is a society of faith. Anyone who believes in the Islamic religion and its beliefs is an undeniable part of this nation whatever his race, colour, language or place of birth. I accept it that all human beings are equal. Social responsibilities have lots of importance in a Muslim’s life. The base of Islamic teachings about social responsibilities has been built on kindness and consideration of others. The responsibilities and rights of different relationships are defined in Islam. Islam also lays emphasis on specific acts of kindness. In a widening circle of relationship, our first obligation is to our immediate family which includes parents, husband or wife and children, then to other relatives, neighbours, friends and acquaintances, orphans and widows, the needy of the community, our fellow Muslims, all our fellow human beings and animals. Respect and care for parents is very much stressed in the Islamic teaching and is a very important part of a Muslim’s expression of faith. Islam says that you should be kind to your parents, whether if they reach their old age in their lifetime. You should not say to them a word of contempt nor repel them, but address them in terms of honour. Your mother has more right on you than your father, because she gives you birth after facing many problems. Mother has three times higher level than father, therefore it is said that the paradise lies under the feet of your mother. You should obey your mother’s command whether that command is right or wrong. There is only one command of your mother, which has been prohibited to obey, and that command is refusing from the uniqueness of Allah. I respect my parents very much, especially my mother, because I know that I have to give answer to my Allah, on the Day of Judgment. On that day, children will be called referring to their mother’s names. As parents, you have some jobs towards your children. Your first aim towards your child is to teach him Islamic values. You should treat your children with love and kindness. You should get them good education. You are responsible for their spiritual and moral amendment. You should fulfil all their needs. You should not torture them, because the person, who does not love children, is not one of the Muslims. The prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) said, â€Å"children are the flowers of Allah’s garden†. I also like children very much, because they are very innocent and cute. They are far away from tyranny and sins. As a husband, you have some duties and responsibilities towards your wife. You should give your wife her dowry in its entirety, and co-habit with her in a good way, take care of her and teach her matters of her religion. You should guard her in her religion and dignity, and protect her secrets, honour her family and her friends. I have seen many Muslim husbands in Pakistan and England who don’t respect their wives and their family and relatives. They torture their wives like an animal if their wives are barren or do not bring many expensive things in their dowry. As a wife, you have some duties and responsibilities towards your husband. Your duty is the good organization of your home. The house is your kingdom and you are its princess. You should protect your husband’s property and children, and should be honest and truthful to him. You should respect your husband and his family and relatives. In my family, some of my relatives are very obedient to their husbands and look after their children in the absence of their husbands. My mother is also one of them. For being a Muslim, you also have some obligations towards your other relatives such as aunts, uncles, nephews, nieces, cousins, brothers, sisters, mother-in-law, father-in-law and others. You should help them in their needs whether that help is financial, emotional or social. You should speak to them very softly and respect them. According to the statement of the prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him), you are not a Muslim, if you know that your neighbours are hungry and you eat whole heartedly. If your neighbours are not safe from your injurious conduct, you do not believe in Islam. A teacher has a great position in Islam. A teacher is called a spiritual father, because he is responsible for a sensible and educated society. It is your duty to respect your teacher as you respect and take care about your parents. I have never talked to my teachers harshly, because I have lots of respect in my heart for all of my relatives. According to the Koran and Sunnah, as a Muslim, you have to discharge your moral responsibility not only to your parents, children, relatives and neighbours, but also to the entire humankind, animals and trees and plants. Hunting of birds and animals for the sake of game is not permitted. Similarly, cutting trees and plants which yield fruit is forbidden unless there is a very serious need for it. Thus, on the basic moral characteristics, Islam builds a higher system of morality by virtue of which humankind can realize its greatest potential. Islam purifies the soul from selfishness, tyranny, shamelessness and indiscipline. In Islam, it is said that all individuals become responsible and accountable for their behaviour at the age of puberty. At that time, the Islamic teachings about modest dress apply to any person whether that person is male or female. Nothing should be seen of you except your face, feet and hands when you reach your age of puberty. Therefore, at this age, it is expected from you to adopt more modest styles of dress that do not expose too much. As a Muslim, I also act upon these teachings of Islam. According to Sunnah, all Muslim marriages should be simple and far away from false showing of wealth. Nowadays Muslims spend lots of money on marriages which is their waste of money. I have attended many marriages in which people use their money incorrectly. As a Muslim, you can give your money to the needy persons for the sake of Allah instead of wasting your money on unnecessary customs. I can conclude from this piece of writing that what I have set out to do, I have achieved it. My aim was to tell Muslims about the true meaning of Islam. I have not been completely successful in achieving my aim, because I had decided to write about Islamic months, Islamic education and Islamic miracles, but I could not include them in my piece of writing because of the word limit. It was not too difficult to do the research, because I got most of information from the internet and from my personal experience. I could not find suitable books for my topic, therefore I searched on the internet. I really enjoyed doing the extended writing, because I have learnt lots of things about Islam. I have learned lots of vocabulary. I have found out how to write a long essay and how to join paragraphs to each other. By finding information, I have found out that Islam is the second largest religion in the world. According to the estimation, the range of Muslims is from 0.7 to 1.2 billion worldwide. Bibliography: The Koran http://www.islamonline.net/english/introducingislam/index.shtml (9.02.05) http://www.hammoude.com/Islam.html (20.3.05) http://islam.about.com (28.03.05) http://www.carm.org/islam/faith_five_pillars.htm (28.03.05) http://www.religioustolerance.org/islam.htm (6.04.05)

Contract law problem question Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Contract law problem question - Essay Example esented we find that, subject to certain reservations, there are areas and actions taken before and within the original arrangement, which could enable Jack to defeat the banks proposed action. Is it possible for a person who offers his property, as securities to a bank against funds lent to a third party, escape the consequences of that contract should the repayments not be met? And under what circumstances it is possible that a joint and several liability clauses not be enforceable? These questions have been the subject of a number of court cases over the past few years and the judgment in some cases conclude that if certain conditions and actions were not taken prior to the signature of the contract, it is possible to successfully defend any breach. The task of this document is to ascertain which of these circumstances could be relevant to Jack in defending himself against a claim by the bank for repossession of his property so that they can reclaim some of the monies owed to them. The facts of the case are that Karen’s import-export business had been experiencing cash flow difficulties and financial problems for some time, at least fifteen months with no improvement. Her bank had refused to assist her with an increased overdraft facility had been informed by her bank that they would not extend her business’s overdraft unless extra security is provided. Karen explained the situation to her employee of five years, Jack, who had also become a friend of the family and suggested that he find another job. Under the impression that the problem was temporary, Jack suggested that she use his flat, an inheritance from his aunt, as security against further borrowings. The flat at that time was worth  £250,000. After consideration Karen took Jack up on his offer and informed him that it would also secure his job and that it was only a temporary situation that would soon be corrected. They went to the bank. The bank advised Jack to seek independent advice and

Graph theory Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Graph theory - Research Paper Example iss Mathematician developed a solution to an old puzzle related to the possibility of establishing a path across every one of the seven bridges that span a forked river flowing past (Biggs 140). From a conceptual perspective, a graph is formed by vertices and edges linking the vertices. From a formal perspective however, a graph refers to a pair of sets (V, E), where V is a set of vertices and E is a set of edges. Based on these fundamental concepts underpinning graph theory, this paper seeks to explain the importance and application of the theory’s theoretical concepts in various fields (Biggs 124). The concept of graph theory is important because graphs allow for a simplification of complex concepts, eliminating the irrelevant details without forfeiting much information necessary for the task. As asserted by Biggs (148), the assumptions made by the graph theory match the real world conditions and are therefore not comparable to any other model. Among the fundamental uses of the graph theory entail; giving a unified formalism for diverse looking real life problems. This has been the sufficient basis upon which algorithms have been presented in this common formalism. The theoretical concepts underpinning graph theory are widely used in the studying and modeling of various applications, in diverse fields. These include; construction of bonds in chemistry, study of molecules, and the study of atoms. Graph theory is widely used in Sociology for instance to measure the prestige of actors or in exploring the mechanisms of diffusion (Biggs 150). Besides, the conservation efforts made in biological sciences essentially apply the concepts of graph theory where a vertex represent regions where certain species exist and the edges are used to represent paths of migration or movement from one region to another (Biggs 152). Such information is important more so when examining the breeding patterns or tracking the spread of parasites, diseases and in the study of the

CLC EMR Business Plan-Executive summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

CLC EMR Business Plan-Executive summary - Essay Example 11). That is, organizations all around the globe are doing all their best to promote their competitive advantage in their respective industries. To be specific, hospitals and other institutions all around the world are fighting tooth and nail to remain up to date with all major technological advancements that influence their success in the health industry (Rochelle and Courtney, 2010). It is hereby clear that for any organization to triumph in the current and future status of different industries, technology has to be in the forefront of the day-to-day operations (Kate, 2012). In this sense, this paper aims to provide a market plan for promoting the adoption of Healthland EMR software via an account of Inner City Care LLC. To ensure that the business plan succeeds in promoting the targeted area of concern, this paper is divided into five major sections (Rochelle and Courtney, 2010). The first section analyses the background of the company that this paper aims to lay on its major mark eting strategy. This is followed by a thorough analysis of the market that this industry dwells on. Thirdly, a well-planned sales and marketing strategy is described to clarify how exactly the business is going to promote its competitive advantage. ... e at the companies two main areas concern, namely, the Inner City Care Hospital (ICCH) and Inner City Care Clinic (ICC) (Rochelle and Courtney, 2010). In addition, recent acquirement of 4 satellite clinics create a clear background of how the company’s focus has greatly benefited from technology (Kate, 2012). To be brief, Inner City Care LLC is made up by a membership of thirty (30) people whom have enjoyed the fact that the company has an expansive customer base. That is, through its technologically focused health care services, the company has created a great customer base, which keeps on expanding day in day out. This great background of Inner City Care hospital has played a huge in ensuring that a more strategized business plan has to be in place to guarantee the company’s vision. The chief vision at Inner City Care LLC has been to create a full service medical centre along with clinics. This is to ensure that Inner City maintains its focus on the use of technologic ally advanced medical services and advanced learning and research opportunities for the respective stakeholders (Rochelle and Courtney, 2010). Essentially, this vision has been playing a very huge role the partnerships between the company and other education institutions. This is to provide a platform for novices and other advanced members in the industry to get well prepared to be successful in promoting the globally accepted standards of high-tech health care professionals. Among some of the most notable advancements in the United States’ health industry is the use of Electronic Medical Records (EMR) systems (Rochelle and Courtney, 2010). Several health care organizations are taking advantage of the fact there is a large number of software development companies that deliver these products and at